The Impact of Seasonal Changes on Suicidal Ideations in Psychiatric Patients in Georgia: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background: Suicidal ideation is a critical concern, particularly among individuals with psychiatric disorders. Understanding the multifaceted factors contributing to suicide is paramount for prediction and prevention. Limited research has explored the association between atmospheric parameters and the mental state of individuals in Georgia. Objectives: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Tbilisi, Georgia, aimed to investigate the relationship between weather variables and suicidal ideation among 52 psychiatric patients. Specifically, we sought to determine if there was a seasonal pattern in the prevalence of suicidal ideation and whether meteorological factors were associated with this phenomenon. Methods: The study collected data using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, categorizing the year into four seasons. Meteorological data spanning from October 2021 to September 2022 was obtained. Statistical analyses included Poisson's regression, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests. Results: We observed an increased prevalence of suicidal ideation during the spring and summer seasons (Chi-square = 12.06; df-2; p=0.0072). Our analysis indicates a significant association between humidity and suicidal ideation, supported by a significant regression equation ((F 1.10 = 6.652, p = 0.0275), R2= 0.3995). Multiple regression analysis revealed that humidity and the lowest average temperature were significant predictors of participants' suicidal ideation (Pseudo R2-0.3496 DF-9). Notably, humidity emerged as a significant predictor of suicidal thoughts (b =-0.1515, p=0.0405). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate a significant link between weather variables and suicidality in patients with psychiatric conditions, with spring and summer exhibiting heightened risk. This research advances our understanding of suicidality, offering potential insights for enhanced management and preventative care for these vulnerable patients.